Objective:
To demonstrate how size affects a star’s apparent brightness.

Standards:
Objects in the Sky (sky object properties, locations, and movements).

Materials:
two flashlights, aluminum foil, pencil, two sheets of blank paper.

Procedure:
Cover the lens end of one of the flashlights with a piece of aluminum foil.
Using the pencil, make a hole in the [...]

Objective:
To demonstrate how a black hole may be formed.

Standards:
Objects in the Sky (sky object properties, locations, and movements), Origin and Evolution of the Universe (star and galaxy formation; how stars produce energy and the formation of all elements), and Motions and Forces (gravitation properties and predicting its strength).

Materials:
two small, [...]

Objective:
To demonstrate how craters form on moons and planets and to discuss why Mercury and the Moon have different crater characteristics.

Standards:
Objects in the Sky (sky object properties, locations, and movements), Earth in the Solar System (position, properties of sun, earth, its moon, and other planets), and Motions and Forces (gravitation properties [...]

Objective:
To demonstrate the cause of the “Man in the Moon” image on the Moon’s surface.

Standards:
Objects in the Sky (sky object properties, locations, and movements), Earth in the Solar System (position, properties of sun, earth, its moon), Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism (light reflection), and Transfer of Energy (light transmission and [...]

Objective:
To demonstrate why Venus has such a high temperature.

Standards:
Objects in the Sky (sky object properties, locations, and movements), Earth in the Solar System (position, properties of sun, earth, its moon, and the other planets), Interactions of Energy and Matter (waves have energy and can transfer energy when they interact with matter), [...]